The Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 set out a legal framework to ensure that occupational exposures to ionising radiations are kept as low as is reasonably practicable.
It transposes the occupational elements of Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM, which lays down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers from ionising radiations exposure. These regulations also revoke the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999.
Ionising radiation is a type of energy released by atoms in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles. People are exposed to natural sources of ionising radiation, such as in soil, water, and vegetation, as well as in human-made sources, such as x-rays and medical devices. However, apart from its beneficial use in medicine, industry, agriculture and research, the potential for health hazards, if these radiations aren’t properly used or contained, are serious. Health effects include skin burns, acute radiation syndrome and cancer.
Ionising radiations occur either as electromagnetic rays, such as X-rays and gamma rays, or as particles such as alpha and beta particles, and are used in a diverse range of industries and sectors including medical, nuclear, manufacturing and construction. It is also found in naturally occurring radioactive sources, such as radon. People can be exposed to ionising radiations both internally and externally.
External exposure can be from a radioactive material or a radiation generator such as an x-ray machine. Internal exposure can occur via inhalation or ingestion of a radioactive substance. Although its use brings considerable benefits, it can give rise to serious harmful health effects, so exposure must be properly managed.
